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  2. ›STUDY GUIDE
  3. ›UK, Cambridge, A Level and IB
  4. ›IB Diploma DP1
  5. ›Mathematics
  6. ›Number and algebra

IB Diploma DP1 / Mathematics / Curriculum

Number and algebra

Number and algebra: structured theory, worked examples, answered practice, and a mastery checklist for IB Diploma DP1.

CHAPTER PLAN

Learn, practise, and check your progress

Follow the steps in order or jump directly to the part you need.

—/5

completed

Estimated active study time

209 minutes

  1. 1. Understand

    Objectives, key ideas, and structured theory.

    Open →
  2. 2. Follow the method

    Worked examples that explain every step.

    Open →
  3. 3. Practise

    Graded tasks with hints and answer guidance.

    Open →
  4. 4. Consolidate

    Assignments from core work to challenge.

    Open →
  5. 5. Check

    A timed, marked test with solution guidance.

    Open →

Progress is stored only in this browser and does not require AI credits.

Learning objectives

  • ✓Recognise, explain, and apply “Sequences and series”.
  • ✓Recognise, explain, and apply “Exponents and logarithms”.
  • ✓Recognise, explain, and apply “Binomial theorem where applicable”.
  • ✓Recognise, explain, and apply “Algebraic manipulation”.
  • ✓Recognise, explain, and apply “Financial mathematics mainly for AI route”.

Key ideas and checks

  • I can expand and factor with a check.
  • I solve equations using equivalent steps.
  • Every solution or explanation for “Number and algebra” should include a method, justification, and final check.

Unit

Core theory

The essential chapter ideas in a clear sequence before practice.

01

Variables and equivalence

A variable represents a number or quantity. Every algebraic transformation must preserve the equivalence of the original expression or equation.

02

One valid step at a time

Write each transformation on a new line and apply the same valid operation to both sides. This keeps the solution easy to audit.

03

Substitute and verify

A final value is not a complete solution until it is substituted into the original relation. Verification catches sign and expansion errors.

04

Sequences and series

Use a suitable representation, state the rule, and keep every numerical or algebraic step equivalent. Finish with estimation, an inverse operation, or substitution as a check.

05

Exponents and logarithms

Use a suitable representation, state the rule, and keep every numerical or algebraic step equivalent. Finish with estimation, an inverse operation, or substitution as a check.

06

Binomial theorem where applicable

Use a suitable representation, state the rule, and keep every numerical or algebraic step equivalent. Finish with estimation, an inverse operation, or substitution as a check.

07

Algebraic manipulation

Use a suitable representation, state the rule, and keep every numerical or algebraic step equivalent. Finish with estimation, an inverse operation, or substitution as a check.

08

Financial mathematics mainly for AI route

Use a suitable representation, state the rule, and keep every numerical or algebraic step equivalent. Finish with estimation, an inverse operation, or substitution as a check.

Mathematics

Worked examples

Follow the method step by step and check why every step is valid.

Worked equation example

Solve 3(x - 2) + 3 = 2x + 6.

  1. 1Expand the bracket.
  2. 2Collect x-terms on one side and constants on the other.
  3. 3Divide by the coefficient of x and verify in the original equation.

x = 9

Reasoning example

Before calculating, explain the key idea from “Sequences and series” and which conditions must be checked.

  1. 1Define the idea in one clear sentence.
  2. 2Connect it to a representation, law, or formula.
  3. 3State a restriction, unit, or final check that makes the solution valid.

The answer should show not only which rule is used for “Sequences and series”, but also why it is valid here.

Number and algebra

Practice with answers

Eight graded tasks from core fluency to exam-style application. Work independently before opening a hint or answer.

Core fluency4 minutes

Solve 7x + 2 = 16.

Hint

Subtract 2 from both sides, then divide by 7.

Answer guide

x = 2.

Core fluency5 minutes

Expand and simplify 3(x + 4) - 4x.

Hint

Multiply every term inside the bracket.

Answer guide

3x + 12 - 4x = -1x + 12.

Application6 minutes

Factorise 6x + 36.

Hint

Take out the common factor 6.

Answer guide

6(x + 6).

Application7 minutes

For f(x) = 9x + 3, find f(12) and solve f(x) = 30.

Hint

Substitute, then solve the equation.

Answer guide

f(12) = 111; x = 3.

Reasoning8 minutes

A sequence starts 5, 10, 15. Find its nth term and 10th term.

Hint

The common difference is 5.

Answer guide

5n + 0; term 10 = 50.

Reasoning9 minutes

Solve 8x + 2 > 18.

Hint

Use equation steps; the coefficient of x is positive.

Answer guide

x > 2.

Exam style10 minutes

Solve x + y = 8, x - y = 0.

Hint

Add the two equations.

Answer guide

x = 4, y = 4.

Exam style12 minutes

A learner writes 7(x + 6) = 7x + 6. Identify and correct the error.

Hint

The outside factor multiplies every term.

Answer guide

7(x + 6) = 7x + 42.

Common mistakes

  • Changing a sign without applying it to every term.
  • Combining terms that are not like terms.
  • Dividing by an expression that may be zero without stating a restriction.

Mastery check

  • ✓I can expand and factor with a check.
  • ✓I solve equations using equivalent steps.
  • ✓I verify the solution in the original relation.

Number and algebra

Chapter homework

Six distinct assignments from core fluency to challenge, each with an estimated time, hint, and answer guide.

Core8 minutes

Homework 1: Solve 3x + 3 = 12.

Hint

Subtract 3 from both sides, then divide by 3.

Answer guide

x = 3.

Core10 minutes

Homework 2: Expand and simplify 6(x + 5) - 5x.

Hint

Multiply every term inside the bracket.

Answer guide

6x + 30 - 5x = 1x + 30.

Stretch12 minutes

Homework 3: Factorise 9x + 18.

Hint

Take out the common factor 9.

Answer guide

9(x + 2).

Stretch15 minutes

Homework 4: For f(x) = 5x + 4, find f(9) and solve f(x) = 24.

Hint

Substitute, then solve the equation.

Answer guide

f(9) = 49; x = 4.

Challenge18 minutes

Homework 5: A sequence starts 6, 14, 22. Find its nth term and 10th term.

Hint

The common difference is 8.

Answer guide

8n + -2; term 10 = 78.

Challenge20 minutes

Homework 6: Solve 4x + 3 > 15.

Hint

Use equation steps; the coefficient of x is positive.

Answer guide

x > 3.

50 minutes / 40 marks

Full chapter test

A timed, full-mark self-assessment with model-answer guidance.

Test timer

Ready to start

Time remaining: 50:00

Start the timer when ready, work without notes, show every step, and open model answers only after finishing.

1. Solve 8x + 3 = 27.

2 marks
Answer guide

x = 3.

2. Expand and simplify 4(x + 5) - 5x.

3 marks
Answer guide

4x + 20 - 5x = -1x + 20.

3. Factorise 7x + 14.

3 marks
Answer guide

7(x + 2).

4. For f(x) = 3x + 4, find f(7) and solve f(x) = 16.

4 marks
Answer guide

f(7) = 25; x = 4.

5. A sequence starts 6, 12, 18. Find its nth term and 10th term.

4 marks
Answer guide

6n + 0; term 10 = 60.

6. Solve 9x + 3 > 30.

4 marks
Answer guide

x > 3.

7. Solve x + y = 10, x - y = 0.

5 marks
Answer guide

x = 5, y = 5.

8. A learner writes 8(x + 2) = 8x + 2. Identify and correct the error.

5 marks
Answer guide

8(x + 2) = 8x + 16.

9. Model this: 4 tickets cost x euros each plus a fixed 4 euros. Write the cost and find it for x = 8.

5 marks
Answer guide

C = 4x + 4; C(8) = 36.

10. Represent “Financial mathematics mainly for AI route” as an equation, a graph, and a verbal description of the same model.

5 marks
Answer guide

Example y = 7x + 6: a line with gradient 7, intercept 6, meaning “starts at 6 and rises by 7 per unit”.

Unit

Official sources and verification

Curriculum reference sources. Always confirm the teaching sequence with the school and tutor.

UK Department for Education - MathematicsOfficial national curriculum progression and attainment guidance.International Baccalaureate - DP curriculumOfficial DP subject structure and current subject briefs.

Mathematics

Start from the board specification and work topic by topic before full papers.

Back to subject

What this chapter covers

The structure follows the official textbook layout and is used to organise study.

Sequences and series
Exponents and logarithms
Binomial theorem where applicable
Algebraic manipulation
Financial mathematics mainly for AI route

Where to focus

The areas that usually create mistakes or need extra revision.

I can expand and factor with a check.
I solve equations using equivalent steps.
I verify the solution in the original relation.

Sources, daily material, and resources

Where to start: textbook, daily material, PDFs, videos, and worked examples.

Start from the official textbook or specification referenced on the subject page.
Use the notes and examples as support, not as a replacement for the official syllabus.
Check the current syllabus version before exam preparation.

Practice by subtopic

Targeted practice before full tests so coverage is clear.

Solve 7x + 2 = 16.
Expand and simplify 3(x + 4) - 4x.
Factorise 6x + 36.
For f(x) = 9x + 3, find f(12) and solve f(x) = 30.
A sequence starts 5, 10, 15. Find its nth term and 10th term.
Solve 8x + 2 > 18.
Solve x + y = 8, x - y = 0.
A learner writes 7(x + 6) = 7x + 6. Identify and correct the error.

Mocks and progress checks

How to measure progress in this chapter and when it enters a cumulative mock.

Start with untimed practice by subtopic.
Move to a short timed checkpoint only after completing the mastery checklist.
Record each error with the correct method and revisit it after 48 hours.

Next step

What to do after finishing the chapter and how it connects to the next unit.

Complete the practice without support.
Explain the core method aloud in under two minutes.
Continue to the next chapter or request targeted tutor support.

Note: for the official examinable syllabus of each school year, always confirm with the school, tutor, and current Ministry/IEP announcements.

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