Learning objectives
- I can explain and apply: Force and area.
- I can explain and apply: Hydrostatic and total pressure.
- I can explain and apply: Buoyancy.
Greek Gymnasium Grade 2 / Physics / Two-unit revision pilot
Pressure
Pressure: structured theory, worked examples, answered practice, and a mastery checklist for Greek Gymnasium Grade 2.
CHAPTER PLAN
Learn, practise, and check your progress
Follow the steps in order or jump directly to the part you need.
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completed
Estimated active study time
156 minutes
1. Understand
Objectives, key ideas, and structured theory.
Open →2. Follow the method
Worked examples that explain every step.
Open →3. Practise
Graded tasks with hints and answer guidance.
Open →4. Consolidate
Assignments from core work to challenge.
Open →5. Check
A timed, marked test with solution guidance.
Open →
Progress is stored only in this browser and does not require AI credits.
Key ideas and checks
- 1 Pa=1 N/m².
- Hydrostatic pressure is equal at equal depth in the same liquid.
- Buoyancy: B=ρgVdisplaced.
Unit
Core theory
The essential chapter ideas in a clear sequence before practice.
Understanding the concept
Pressure p=F⊥/A describes normal force per unit area. For the same force, smaller area gives higher pressure. Convert squared units carefully: 1 cm²=0.0001 m².
Method and conditions
In a stationary liquid of constant density, hydrostatic pressure at depth h is ρgh. Measure h vertically below the free surface. In an open vessel, total pressure is atmospheric pressure plus ρgh, not just ρgh.
Checking and coverage boundaries
Buoyancy acts upwards and equals the weight of displaced liquid: B=ρgVdisplaced. This is the submerged volume, not always the body's full volume. Use the liquid's density.
Original pilot material — human educator review pending
Written specifically for YourFavTeacher with AI assistance, without copying past-paper prompts. Technical and numerical checks do not replace review by a human educator. It is not an official paper or endorsed by an examination body.
Physics
Worked examples
Follow the method step by step and check why every step is valid.
Worked example 1
A normal force of 120 N acts over 0.02 m². Find the pressure.
- 1Use p=Fnormal/A with area in m².
- 2p=120/0.02=6000 Pa
- 3Pa equals N/m², not N.
6000 Pa
Worked example 2
At depth 5 m in water, atmospheric pressure is 100000 Pa. Find total pressure with ρ=1000 kg/m³, g=10 m/s².
- 1Total pressure includes atmospheric and hydrostatic contributions.
- 2p=100000+1000·10·5=150000 Pa
- 3Total pressure exceeds atmospheric pressure.
150000 Pa
Worked example 3
Convert 6 cm² to m² before using the pressure formula.
- 1Square the length conversion factor.
- 21 cm²=(0.01 m)²=0.0001 m²; 6 cm²=6/10000 m²
- 3Do not divide by only 100.
0.0006 m²
Pressure
Practice with answers
Eight graded tasks from core fluency to exam-style application. Work independently before opening a hint or answer.
Core fluency6 minutes
A normal force of 60 N acts over 0.02 m². Find the pressure.
Hint
Use p=Fnormal/A with area in m².
Answer guide
Use p=Fnormal/A with area in m². p=60/0.02=3000 Pa Pa equals N/m², not N. 3000 Pa
Core fluency6 minutes
Water of density 1000 kg/m³ has depth 2 m. With g=10 m/s², find the hydrostatic pressure.
Hint
Find the additional pressure due to the water: p=ρgh.
Answer guide
Find the additional pressure due to the water: p=ρgh. p=1000·10·2=20000 Pa Do not add atmospheric pressure when only hydrostatic pressure is requested. 20000 Pa
Core fluency6 minutes
A pressure of 3000 Pa acts over 0.03 m². Find the normal force.
Hint
Rearrange the definition: F=pA.
Answer guide
Rearrange the definition: F=pA. F=3000·0.03=90 N Keep SI units and check the sign. 90 N
Application6 minutes
Two points in the same still water are at equal depth in differently shaped containers. Which has greater hydrostatic pressure?
Hint
In p=ρgh, ρ, g and h are equal.
Answer guide
In p=ρgh, ρ, g and h are equal. Container shape and total litres do not appear in the formula. Compare pressure at the points, not total force on the base. Equal hydrostatic pressure.
Application6 minutes
At depth 2 m in water, atmospheric pressure is 100000 Pa. Find total pressure with ρ=1000 kg/m³, g=10 m/s².
Hint
Total pressure includes atmospheric and hydrostatic contributions.
Answer guide
Total pressure includes atmospheric and hydrostatic contributions. p=100000+1000·10·2=120000 Pa Total pressure exceeds atmospheric pressure. 120000 Pa
Application6 minutes
A fully submerged body displaces 0.002 m³ of water. With ρ=1000 kg/m³ and g=10 m/s², find the buoyant force.
Hint
Buoyant force equals the weight of displaced fluid.
Answer guide
Buoyant force equals the weight of displaced fluid. A=ρgV=1000·10·0.002=20 N Use water density, not body density. 20 N ↑
Reasoning6 minutes
For a fixed normal force, double the contact area. What happens to pressure?
Hint
p₁=F/A
Answer guide
p₁=F/A p₂=F/(2A)=p₁/2 The same force is distributed over twice the area. Pressure halves.
Reasoning6 minutes
Convert 3 cm² to m² before using the pressure formula.
Hint
Square the length conversion factor.
Answer guide
Square the length conversion factor. 1 cm²=(0.01 m)²=0.0001 m²; 3 cm²=3/10000 m² Do not divide by only 100. 0.0003 m²
Common mistakes
- Converting cm² as if they were cm.
- Omitting atmospheric pressure when total pressure is requested.
- Using the body's density in the buoyancy formula.
Mastery check
- I can solve independently and check: Force and area.
- I can solve independently and check: Hydrostatic and total pressure.
- I can solve independently and check: Buoyancy.
Pressure
Chapter homework
Six distinct assignments from core fluency to challenge, each with an estimated time, hint, and answer guide.
Core8 minutes
A normal force of 80 N acts over 0.02 m². Find the pressure.
Hint
Use p=Fnormal/A with area in m².
Answer guide
Use p=Fnormal/A with area in m². p=80/0.02=4000 Pa Pa equals N/m², not N. 4000 Pa
Core8 minutes
Water of density 1000 kg/m³ has depth 3 m. With g=10 m/s², find the hydrostatic pressure.
Hint
Find the additional pressure due to the water: p=ρgh.
Answer guide
Find the additional pressure due to the water: p=ρgh. p=1000·10·3=30000 Pa Do not add atmospheric pressure when only hydrostatic pressure is requested. 30000 Pa
Stretch8 minutes
A pressure of 4000 Pa acts over 0.03 m². Find the normal force.
Hint
Rearrange the definition: F=pA.
Answer guide
Rearrange the definition: F=pA. F=4000·0.03=120 N Keep SI units and check the sign. 120 N
Stretch8 minutes
Two points in the same still water are at equal depth in differently shaped containers. Which has greater hydrostatic pressure?
Hint
In p=ρgh, ρ, g and h are equal.
Answer guide
In p=ρgh, ρ, g and h are equal. Container shape and total litres do not appear in the formula. Compare pressure at the points, not total force on the base. Equal hydrostatic pressure.
Challenge8 minutes
At depth 3 m in water, atmospheric pressure is 100000 Pa. Find total pressure with ρ=1000 kg/m³, g=10 m/s².
Hint
Total pressure includes atmospheric and hydrostatic contributions.
Answer guide
Total pressure includes atmospheric and hydrostatic contributions. p=100000+1000·10·3=130000 Pa Total pressure exceeds atmospheric pressure. 130000 Pa
Challenge8 minutes
A fully submerged body displaces 0.003 m³ of water. With ρ=1000 kg/m³ and g=10 m/s², find the buoyant force.
Hint
Buoyant force equals the weight of displaced fluid.
Answer guide
Buoyant force equals the weight of displaced fluid. A=ρgV=1000·10·0.003=30 N Use water density, not body density. 30 N ↑
45 minutes / 40 marks
Full chapter test
A timed, full-mark self-assessment with model-answer guidance.
Show working, units and a final check. Equivalent correct methods are accepted. Timing is a revision guide, not official examination conditions.
1. A normal force of 100 N acts over 0.02 m². Find the pressure.
5 marksAnswer guide
Use p=Fnormal/A with area in m². p=100/0.02=5000 Pa Pa equals N/m², not N. 5000 Pa
2. Water of density 1000 kg/m³ has depth 4 m. With g=10 m/s², find the hydrostatic pressure.
5 marksAnswer guide
Find the additional pressure due to the water: p=ρgh. p=1000·10·4=40000 Pa Do not add atmospheric pressure when only hydrostatic pressure is requested. 40000 Pa
3. A pressure of 5000 Pa acts over 0.03 m². Find the normal force.
5 marksAnswer guide
Rearrange the definition: F=pA. F=5000·0.03=150 N Keep SI units and check the sign. 150 N
4. Two points in the same still water are at equal depth in differently shaped containers. Which has greater hydrostatic pressure?
5 marksAnswer guide
In p=ρgh, ρ, g and h are equal. Container shape and total litres do not appear in the formula. Compare pressure at the points, not total force on the base. Equal hydrostatic pressure.
5. At depth 4 m in water, atmospheric pressure is 100000 Pa. Find total pressure with ρ=1000 kg/m³, g=10 m/s².
5 marksAnswer guide
Total pressure includes atmospheric and hydrostatic contributions. p=100000+1000·10·4=140000 Pa Total pressure exceeds atmospheric pressure. 140000 Pa
6. A fully submerged body displaces 0.004 m³ of water. With ρ=1000 kg/m³ and g=10 m/s², find the buoyant force.
5 marksAnswer guide
Buoyant force equals the weight of displaced fluid. A=ρgV=1000·10·0.004=40 N Use water density, not body density. 40 N ↑
7. For a fixed normal force, double the contact area. What happens to pressure?
5 marksAnswer guide
p₁=F/A p₂=F/(2A)=p₁/2 The same force is distributed over twice the area. Pressure halves.
8. Convert 5 cm² to m² before using the pressure formula.
5 marksAnswer guide
Square the length conversion factor. 1 cm²=(0.01 m)²=0.0001 m²; 5 cm²=5/10000 m² Do not divide by only 100. 0.0005 m²
Unit
Official sources and verification
Curriculum reference sources. Always confirm the teaching sequence with the school and tutor.
Physics
Learn to read the question, choose the formula, write units, and explain the result.
What this chapter covers
The structure follows the official textbook layout and is used to organise study.
Force and area
Hydrostatic and total pressure
Buoyancy
Where to focus
The areas that usually create mistakes or need extra revision.
I can solve independently and check: Force and area.
I can solve independently and check: Hydrostatic and total pressure.
I can solve independently and check: Buoyancy.
Sources, daily material, and resources
Where to start: textbook, daily material, PDFs, videos, and worked examples.
Start from the official textbook or specification referenced on the subject page.
Use the notes and examples as support, not as a replacement for the official syllabus.
Check the current syllabus version before exam preparation.
Practice by subtopic
Targeted practice before full tests so coverage is clear.
A normal force of 60 N acts over 0.02 m². Find the pressure.
Water of density 1000 kg/m³ has depth 2 m. With g=10 m/s², find the hydrostatic pressure.
A pressure of 3000 Pa acts over 0.03 m². Find the normal force.
Two points in the same still water are at equal depth in differently shaped containers. Which has greater hydrostatic pressure?
At depth 2 m in water, atmospheric pressure is 100000 Pa. Find total pressure with ρ=1000 kg/m³, g=10 m/s².
A fully submerged body displaces 0.002 m³ of water. With ρ=1000 kg/m³ and g=10 m/s², find the buoyant force.
For a fixed normal force, double the contact area. What happens to pressure?
Convert 3 cm² to m² before using the pressure formula.
Mocks and progress checks
How to measure progress in this chapter and when it enters a cumulative mock.
Start with untimed practice by subtopic.
Move to a short timed checkpoint only after completing the mastery checklist.
Record each error with the correct method and revisit it after 48 hours.
Next step
What to do after finishing the chapter and how it connects to the next unit.
Complete the practice without support.
Explain the core method aloud in under two minutes.
Continue to the next chapter or request targeted tutor support.
Note: for the official examinable syllabus of each school year, always confirm with the school, tutor, and current Ministry/IEP announcements.